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Exposure and
Vulnerability
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Exposure and
vulnerability can be assessed for people, economic activities and
infrastructure.
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Lanka has a population of 19.7 million (2003) which is distributed unevenly.
Food security
is one indicator that measures a community’s ability to
withstand hazards as well as its resilience to the hazard. Food
security calculated by WFP Sri Lanka office in 2002, is based on
availability of food, access to food and utilization of food, based on
generally accepted food insecurity models. Food insecurity
vulnerability shows the distribution of population who are likely to be
worse affected, and with longer term consequences, from the hazard.
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The
provincial GDP map
shows that the lions share of GDP comes from the Western Province.
The main crop of Sri Lanka is Paddy, which is generally cultivated
twice a year. The major cash crops are tea, rubber, coconut and spices.
(Plantation
map) The agrarian economy is
highly succeptible to floods and droughts.
The major industries are textile & apparel, food &
beverage processing, chemical & rubber and mining &
minerals. Industry
is heavily concentrated in the Western Province.
Floods affect the industries in the west of Sri Lanka while drought in
Central Highlands can affect industry drastically through deficits in
hydro-power production.
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| Infrastructure
development too reflects a pattern of heavy development in the Western
Province with subsidiary development in the metropolitan districts of
Kandy and Galle.
There is a
high concentration of infrastructure facilities in the District of
Colombo. This skewness is largely due to the heavy concentration of
telecommunication facilities in Colombo. Electricity and telephone
facilities have been severely disrupted in the Northern Province due to
the war, and there are no estimates of recent conditions. Thus
interpretation of the infrastructure index for these areas needs to be
tempered with caution.
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